What is the single MOST important means of controlling and preventing the spread of infection?

Handwashing is recognized as the most critical method for controlling and preventing the spread of infection. This practice of thorough handwashing removes dirt, bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens from hands, which are the primary vector for the transmission of infections. Effective hand hygiene can significantly reduce healthcare-associated infections and is essential in both clinical and community settings.

While antiseptic wipes, gloves, and disinfecting surfaces play important roles in infection control, they complement the foundational practice of handwashing rather than replace it. Antiseptic wipes can be useful for cleaning hands when soap and water are unavailable, but they may not remove all types of pathogens as effectively as proper handwashing. The use of gloves provides a barrier that protects healthcare workers and patients from direct contact with bodily fluids but does not eliminate the need for hand hygiene; in fact, hands can still become contaminated after glove removal. Disinfecting surfaces is also crucial to prevent the transmission of pathogens in the environment, but it does not directly cleanse the healthcare worker's hands, which is where many infections begin.

By prioritizing handwashing, healthcare providers can ensure a reduction in infection transmission and promote a safer healthcare environment for everyone involved.